"""Step 48:11 个币的开仓时刻到底挤不挤 —— 保证金要备多少、分散是不是真的。 用户问:11 个币对开仓时间差距有多少,不是同时开吧。 这个数决定三件事: 1. 保证金峰值。若真是同时开 11 个,按每笔固定风险算的名义额会叠到很高 2. "多币 = 分散"是否成立。§3.31 已知同时发生的信号 92.7% 同向—— 那种情况下多开的仓不是分散,是加杠杆 3. 资金利用率。若大部分时间空仓,那"资金量不够"就不是真约束 口径与实盘一致:深色(同向 ∧ 阶梯)∧ ATR≥8bp,持仓按回测实际出场根数 (1m 上 1 根 = 1 分钟),不是一律按 48 根上限。 """ from __future__ import annotations import argparse import os import sys import warnings from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed from pathlib import Path import numpy as np import pandas as pd warnings.filterwarnings("ignore") for v in ("OMP_NUM_THREADS", "OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS", "MKL_NUM_THREADS"): os.environ.setdefault(v, "1") HERE = Path(__file__).resolve().parent sys.path.insert(0, str(HERE)) sys.path.insert(0, str(HERE.parent)) pd.set_option("display.width", 320) SL, SCALE_AT, RUNNER, RSTOP, MAXB = 2.0, 3.0, 8.0, 2.0, 48 GATE_BP = 8.0 OUT = HERE / "out" / "step48_signal_times.feather" def collect(sym: str, rows: int) -> pd.DataFrame | None: import warnings as _w _w.filterwarnings("ignore") sys.path.insert(0, str(HERE)) sys.path.insert(0, str(HERE.parent)) from chanlun import TF_DF from chanlun.analysis.fast_bsp import ( add_zone_ladder, attach_htf_agree, attach_zone_ladder, build_htf_zones, find_fast_bsp3, htf_fx_timeline, ) from lib.data import fetch_ohlcv from lib.exit_model import cfg_name, walk_exits try: df = fetch_ohlcv(f"{sym}/USDT:USDT", "1m", rows) if df is None or len(df) < 50_000: return None chan = TF_DF(df, 1, "1m", lean=True) cdf = chan.dataframe zones = build_htf_zones(cdf, "1m", chan=chan) if zones.empty: return None zl = add_zone_ladder(zones.reset_index(drop=True)) sig = find_fast_bsp3(cdf, zl) if sig.empty: return None dh = fetch_ohlcv(f"{sym}/USDT:USDT", "5m", 10 ** 9) ch = TF_DF(dh, 1, "5m", lean=True) sig = attach_zone_ladder(attach_htf_agree(sig, cdf, htf_fx_timeline(ch, ch.dataframe)), zl) res = walk_exits(cdf, sig, [SL], [RUNNER], [MAXB], scale_at=SCALE_AT, runners=(RUNNER,), runner_stops=(RSTOP,)) cfg = cfg_name(SL, RUNNER, MAXB, RSTOP) idx = sig["entry_idx"].to_numpy().astype(int) atr = cdf["atr"].to_numpy(float)[idx] close = cdf["close"].to_numpy(float)[idx] vol = cdf["volume"] vr = vol / vol.rolling(60, min_periods=10).mean() vr60 = vr.to_numpy(float) # shift(1) 把信号根自己排除在外 vpre10 = vr.rolling(10, min_periods=5).mean().shift(1).to_numpy(float) vpre30 = vr.rolling(30, min_periods=15).mean().shift(1).to_numpy(float) c_all = cdf["close"].to_numpy(float) a_all = cdf["atr"].to_numpy(float) d_all = sig["direction"].to_numpy().astype(int) def mom(k: int) -> np.ndarray: """顺方向动量(ATR 单位)。用全序列算好再取下标,避免逐笔切片。""" prev = np.concatenate([np.full(k, np.nan), c_all[:-k]]) with np.errstate(invalid="ignore", divide="ignore"): m = (c_all - prev) / a_all out = np.full(len(idx), np.nan) out[:] = m[idx] * d_all return out return pd.DataFrame({ "sym": sym, "date": cdf["date"].to_numpy()[idx], "dir": sig["direction"].to_numpy(), "atr_bp": atr / close * 1e4, "htf": sig["htf_agree"].to_numpy(), "lad": sig["ladder_ok"].to_numpy(), "hold": res[f"{cfg}_b"].to_numpy(), # 毛利与出场原因:扎堆的交易赚不赚钱要靠这几列,别只存时刻 "g": res[f"{cfg}_g"].to_numpy(), "r": res[f"{cfg}_r"].to_numpy(), "c": res[f"{cfg}_c"].to_numpy(), "atr_pct": atr / close, # 信号根的相对成交量。当根已收盘,开仓时可知,是合规的可交易信息。 # vr10 是引擎自带口径(前 10 根均量),vr60 换个基准做稳健性对照。 "vr10": cdf["volume_ratio"].to_numpy(float)[idx], "vr60": vr60[idx], # 开仓**之前**那段的量与走势。vpre 已 shift(1),不含信号根本身—— # 信号根的量单独由 vr60 承担,两者混在一起就分不清是哪一段在起作用。 "vpre10": vpre10[idx], "vpre30": vpre30[idx], # 顺方向动量,ATR 为单位。B4/S4 是回抽后转强,所以 mom10 多为负 # (入场前那几根逆着你走);负得多 = 回抽深。 "mom10": mom(10), "mom60": mom(60), }) except Exception as e: print(f" {sym} 失败: {e!r}", flush=True) return None def analyse(d: pd.DataFrame, label: str) -> None: d = d.sort_values("date").reset_index(drop=True) span = (d.date.max() - d.date.min()).total_seconds() / 86400 print("\n" + "=" * 96) print(f"########## {label}:{d.sym.nunique()} 币 / {len(d)} 笔 / 跨 {span:.0f} 天 ##########") print(f"组合 {len(d) / span:.2f} 笔每天 —— 平均每 {span * 24 / len(d):.1f} 小时才 1 笔") g = d.date.diff().dt.total_seconds().dropna() / 60 print("\n相邻两笔间隔(分钟)") qs = [(q, g.quantile(q)) for q in (0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 0.90)] print(" " + " ".join(f"{int(q*100)}%:{v:.0f}" for q, v in qs)) for lab, m in (("同一分钟", g == 0), ("≤5 分钟", g <= 5), ("≤60 分钟", g <= 60), (">1 小时", g > 60)): print(f" {lab:<9}{m.sum():>5} 次 {m.mean()*100:>5.1f}%") # 并发持仓:按回测实际持仓根数 ev = [] for t, h in zip(d.date, d.hold): ev.append((t, 1)) ev.append((t + pd.Timedelta(minutes=float(h)), -1)) ev.sort() cur, prev, dur = 0, None, {} for t, delta in ev: if prev is not None and t > prev: dur[cur] = dur.get(cur, 0) + (t - prev).total_seconds() cur += delta prev = t tot = sum(dur.values()) print("\n同时持仓数的时间占比") for k in sorted(dur): if dur[k] / tot > 0.0005: print(f" {k:>2} 个: {dur[k]/tot*100:>5.1f}%") print(f" 最大并发 {max(dur)} 个;有仓位的时间仅占 {(1-dur.get(0,0)/tot)*100:.1f}%") # 同时开仓时的方向一致性——这决定"多币"到底是分散还是加杠杆 same = d.groupby(d.date)["dir"].agg(["count", "nunique"]) multi = same[same["count"] > 1] if len(multi): agree = (multi["nunique"] == 1).mean() print(f"\n同一分钟出现多笔的时刻 {len(multi)} 个,其中方向完全一致的占 " f"{agree*100:.1f}% —— 这部分不是分散,是同一笔押注被拆成几个币") if "g" in d.columns: profit_by_cluster(d) def profit_by_cluster(d: pd.DataFrame) -> None: """扎堆的交易赚不赚钱。 必须把「同一分钟」和「错开几分钟」分开看——8 币预试中两者结论相反: 错开的是全样本最好的一档,同分钟的反而略差于孤立。混在一起会得出错误结论。 """ from lib.exit_model import fee_of, taker_notional d = d.sort_values("date").reset_index(drop=True) t = d.date.values.astype("datetime64[m]").astype(np.int64) n0 = np.searchsorted(t, t, "right") - np.searchsorted(t, t, "left") n5 = np.searchsorted(t, t + 5, "right") - np.searchsorted(t, t - 5, "left") net = d.g.values - fee_of(d.r.values, d.c.values) R = net / (SL * d.atr_pct.values) gR = d.g.values / (SL * d.atr_pct.values) tn = taker_notional(d.r.values, d.c.values) def row(m, lab): if m.sum() < 20: return {"分组": lab, "笔数": int(m.sum()), "备注": "样本不足"} nn, rr, gg, tt = net[m], R[m], gR[m], tn[m] w, o = nn[nn > 0].sum(), -nn[nn <= 0].sum() return {"分组": lab, "笔数": int(m.sum()), "占比": f"{m.mean()*100:.0f}%", "胜率": f"{(nn > 0).mean()*100:.1f}%", "毛R": round(gg.mean(), 3), "净均R": round(rr.mean(), 3), "R夏普": round(rr.mean() / rr.std(ddof=1), 3), "PF": round(w / o, 2) if o > 0 else np.inf, "余量bp": round(nn.mean() / tt.mean() * 1e4, 2)} print("\n扎堆的交易赚不赚钱") print(pd.DataFrame([ row((n0 == 1) & (n5 == 1), "真孤立(±5 分钟内无同伴)"), row((n0 == 1) & (n5 > 1), "错开:5 分钟内有同伴但不同分钟"), row(n0 > 1, "同一分钟撞在一起"), ]).to_string(index=False)) # 簇级:同一波行情里的几笔高度相关,逐笔统计会把有效样本算多 clu = (d.date.diff().dt.total_seconds().fillna(9e9) > 300).cumsum() c = pd.DataFrame({"clu": clu, "R": R, "gR": gR, "net": net}).groupby("clu") agg = c.agg(n=("R", "size"), R=("R", "mean"), gR=("gR", "mean")) print(f"\n簇级(±5 分钟合为一簇,避免重复计数):单笔簇 {(agg.n==1).sum()}、" f"多笔簇 {(agg.n>1).sum()}") for lab, m in (("单笔簇", agg.n == 1), ("多笔簇", agg.n > 1)): g = agg[m] if len(g) < 10: continue print(f" {lab:<5} {len(g):>4} 簇 簇均毛R {g.gR.mean():.3f} " f"簇均净R {g.R.mean():.3f} 簇级R夏普 {g.R.mean()/g.R.std(ddof=1):.3f}") win = c["net"].apply(lambda s: (s > 0).all()) lose = c["net"].apply(lambda s: (s <= 0).all()) multi_idx = agg.index[agg.n > 1] if len(multi_idx): aw, al = win[multi_idx].mean(), lose[multi_idx].mean() print(f" 多笔簇内:全赢 {aw*100:.1f}%、全输 {al*100:.1f}%、" f"有赢有输 {(1-aw-al)*100:.1f}% —— 簇内风险不可分散,但偏度有利") def main() -> None: ap = argparse.ArgumentParser() ap.add_argument("--symbols", default="BTC,BNB,ETH,SOL,LINK,LTC,AVAX,XRP,DOGE,ADA,TRX") ap.add_argument("--rows", type=int, default=300_000) ap.add_argument("--workers", type=int, default=3) ap.add_argument("--reuse", action="store_true", help="直接读已存的 feather") args = ap.parse_args() if args.reuse and OUT.exists(): d = pd.read_feather(OUT) else: syms = [s.strip() for s in args.symbols.split(",")] print(f"[开仓时刻分布] {len(syms)} 币 × {args.rows} 根 1m\n", flush=True) parts = [] with ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=args.workers) as ex: fut = {ex.submit(collect, s, args.rows): s for s in syms} for i, f in enumerate(as_completed(fut), 1): r = f.result() print(f" [{i}/{len(syms)}] {fut[f]} {0 if r is None else len(r)}", flush=True) if r is not None: parts.append(r) if not parts: print("无结果") return d = pd.concat(parts, ignore_index=True) d.to_feather(OUT) d["date"] = pd.to_datetime(d["date"]) dark = (d["htf"] == 1.0) & d["lad"] analyse(d[dark & (d.atr_bp >= GATE_BP)], "实盘口径:深色 ∧ ATR≥8bp") analyse(d[dark], "对照:深色但不加 ATR 门控") print("\n########## 逐币笔数(实盘口径)##########") dd = d[dark & (d.atr_bp >= GATE_BP)] t = dd.groupby("sym").agg(笔数=("date", "size"), 中位持仓分钟=("hold", "median")).sort_values("笔数", ascending=False) span = (dd.date.max() - dd.date.min()).total_seconds() / 86400 t["每天笔数"] = (t["笔数"] / span).round(3) print(t.to_string()) if __name__ == "__main__": main()